Updated: Feb. 28 2026 | Created: Jan. 23 2026
What Is Computer Hardware?
Computer hardware refers to the physical components of a computer—the parts you can see and touch. These components work together with software to make a computer function.
Without hardware, devices such as desktop computers, laptops, tablets, and smartphones would not exist. Hardware provides the structure, power, processing, and input/output capabilities that allow software to run.
Examples of Computer Hardware
Below are some of the most common computer hardware components you encounter when using a computer:
Monitor
A monitor is an output device that displays visual information such as text, images, videos, and graphics. It allows users to see what the computer is processing, including the operating system interface and running applications.
System Unit
The system unit is the main enclosure of a computer, often called a tower, case, or chassis. It houses critical internal components responsible for processing and storing data, such as the motherboard, CPU, RAM, storage drives (SSD/HDD), and cooling system.
Power Supply Unit (PSU)
The power supply unit converts electricity from the wall outlet into usable power for the computer’s internal components. It distributes the correct amount of electrical power to each part of the system and connects directly to components inside the system unit.
Keyboard
A keyboard is an input device used to enter text, numbers, and commands into a computer. It contains pressable keys labeled with alphabetic, numeric, and special characters, allowing users to interact with software efficiently.
Mouse
A mouse is a pointing input device used to control the on-screen cursor. It typically includes left and right buttons and a scroll wheel, allowing users to click, drag, select, and scroll through content on the screen.
Types of Computer Hardware
Computer hardware can be classified into four main types based on their function:
Input Devices
Input devices allow users to send data or commands to the computer.
Examples:
- Keyboard
- Mouse
- Microphone
- Webcam
- Scanner
Processing Devices
Processing devices execute instructions and perform calculations required by software.
Examples:
- Central Processing Unit (CPU)
- Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)
Storage Devices
Storage devices store data either temporarily or permanently.
Examples:
- Random Access Memory (RAM)
- Solid State Drive (SSD)
- Hard Disk Drive (HDD)
Output Devices
Output devices present information from the computer to the user.
Examples:
- Monitor
- Speakers
- Printer
FAQs About Computer Hardware
What is hardware?
Hardware is the physical part of a computer that you can touch.
What is the brain of a computer?
The brain of the computer is the Central Processing Unit (CPU).
What does CPU stand for?
CPU stands for Central Processing Unit.
What does PSU stand for?
PSU stands for Power Supply Unit, which supplies and regulates electrical power for computer components.
What are the two types of hardware based on placement?
The two types are external hardware and internal hardware.
What are external hardware devices?
External hardware devices are components located outside the system unit, such as the monitor, keyboard, mouse, speakers, and webcam.
What are internal hardware devices?
Internal hardware devices are components located inside the system unit, such as the motherboard, CPU, RAM, storage drives, and cooling fans.
What are the four types of hardware based on function?
They are input, processing, storage, and output hardware.
What are examples of input devices?
Examples include the keyboard, mouse, microphone, webcam, and scanner.
What are examples of processing devices?
Examples include the CPU and GPU.
What are examples of storage devices?
Examples include RAM, SSD, and HDD.
What are examples of output devices?
Examples include the monitor, speakers, and printer.